Primary paravertebral hydatid cyst in children: unusual location and literature review.

Abstract

Cystic Echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus, which is endemic in Algeria. The lungs and liver are primarily affected in children. Spinal location is uncommon and often characterised by insidious manifestations. Without timely surgical intervention supported by medical therapy, the condition can lead to significant morbidity and a high risk of recurrence.  We report the case of a 12-year-old child with repeated hospitalisations for a psoas abscess. Further evaluation revealed a pre-spinal hydatid cyst, with MRI confirming a primary localisation in the lumbosacral area.  The patient improved following surgical and medical treatment; however, the risk of recurrence remains significant. In endemic areas, cystic lesions can occur anywhere in the body. Highlighting the importance of considering echinococcosis. The current serological and imaging methods aid in diagnosis with high accuracy. To avoid complications and morbidity, cystic echinococcosis should be diagnosed paravertebrally as soon as possible. Treatment ranges from medical management to radical surgical excision.